The Winning Team
The underwater baited hook was the brainchild of New Zealand fisher Dave
Kellian. Australian tuna fisher Tony Forster contributed to the concept and ran trials of a basic model on his fishing vessel.
However, Dave and Tony’s version of the machine was extremely rudimentary because they had neither the engineering skills nor (as working fishermen) the time to perfect it.
Tony sought the assistance of Phil Ashworth, general manager at Amerro Engineering, a company with links to the Australian tuna fishing industry. Ashworth agreed to help advance the concept to the point where production fishing could be conducted without compromise.
Subsequently, Dr. Graham Robertson – principal research scientist (seabird ecology and bycatch) in the Southern Oceans Ecosystem program of the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) – became involved when he saw a prototype of the device at Amerro Engineering. That fateful sighting led to the initial round of fundraising for the device and cemented the collaboration between Amerro and the AAD.
The Underwater Baited Hook
Winners Awarded $30,000 for System That Reduces Bait Loss and Bycatch
To operate the device, fishermen place a baited hook in a capsule chamber, then mount the capsule in a docking station that is fixed to the vessel. There, it is secured to a carriageway by spectra rope attached to pulleys and operated by hydraulics. With the press of a button, the hydraulics propel the capsule down the carriageway, out of which the capsule freefalls to a preprogrammed depth.At the end of the descent, the system reverses the hydraulics, flushing the baited hook from the capsule through a springloaded door. The capsule then returns to the docking station to be set again. The aim is to release baited hooks beneath the lower limit of propeller turbulence, so that the turbulence forms a curtain of opaque water above the sinking bait, shielding it from the eyes of scavenging seabirds.
Because it is a workable alternative to baited hooks on the water’s surface, this device has the potential to eliminate the mortality of surface-seizing species such as albatrosses, and to reduce or eliminate the mortality of deep-diving species such as white-chinned petrels, shearwaters and grey petrels.
It may also enable fishing at any time of the day or night cycle, and in all seasons - including in seabird breeding seasons, when attacks are most intense. It also allows government regulators to monitor fishing vessel compliance in the absence of an onboard observer.
Proven Results
In March 2009, researchers set 300 underwater baited hooks and ran extremely successful trials. Results showed that bait quality and bait retention on hooks were not affected by the new method of deployment, so that use of the device is unlikely to affect the catch rates of target and nontarget fish species.